Research by 麻花星空视频-IIT鈥檚 PhD graduate published in top 1% journal, probes risks of microplastics in the air

Nov 20 2025

A comprehensive new study on the presence of microplastics in the air of Metro Manila, entitled by Dr. Rodolfo A. Romarate II, a PhD graduate in Environmental Science of 麻花星空视频-IIT, was published in the Journal of Hazardous Materials, a top 1% journal in Environmental Engineering with a Scopus Cite Score of 24.6. This journal consolidates world-class research that expounds the general understanding of how certain materials affect public health and the environment.

A part of the doctoral dissertation of Dr. Romarate, mentored by Prof. Hernando P. Bacosa of the Department of Environmental Science, School of Interdisciplinary Studies, and strengthened through collaboration with the Technological University of the Philippines–Manila and the National Taiwan Ocean University, this study provides a comprehensive understanding of how airborne microplastics move, their prevalence, and what these patterns may signify for human health in one of Southeast Asia’s most densely populated urban centers.

Sampling was conducted across six cities in Metro Manila revealed clear and consistent patterns. Microplastic concentrations increased during the warmest hours of the day and reached their peak during the dry season. Mandaluyong, Caloocan, and Taguig recorded the highest levels, while Marikina, Navotas, and Quezon City showed lower but still meaningful concentrations. These variations reflect how daily human activity, weather conditions, and urban dynamics shape the distribution of microplastics in the atmosphere.

The study shows that temperature, humidity, and rainfall drive much of the behavior of airborne microplastics. Hot and dry conditions keep particles suspended for longer periods, while rainfall and high humidity facilitate their removal through atmospheric washout. Concentrations during the dry season were nearly double those recorded in the wet season, raising concerns that longer and hotter dry spells predicted under climate change may intensify exposure in the years to come.

Based on these measurements, the researchers estimate that an average resident of Metro Manila may inhale more than 130 microplastic particles per month during the dry season. While exposure is lower in wet months, the study notes that the levels remain significant, particularly for commuters, outdoor workers, and residents living near major roads.

Polyester and polyethylene terephthalate were the most frequently detected polymers–the basic chemical building blocks that make up most plastics–mirroring the city’s dependence on synthetic textiles and packaging. The researchers also found higher levels of polyvinyl chloride and polyurethane during the wet season. These polymers contributed to a Pollution Hazard Index classified as extreme danger, suggesting that both concentration and polymer type influence the potential health risks.

The team emphasizes that routine urban activity plays a major role in the constant resuspension of microplastics. Traffic movement, construction work, wind turbulence, and even simple foot traffic disturb settled particles and allow them to reenter the air. Once airborne, these particles can disperse widely and may accumulate in the human respiratory system over time.

The findings highlight a growing need to incorporate microplastics into air quality monitoring programs and urban environmental planning. As Metro Manila continues to expand and adapt to stronger climate pressures, understanding how these particles behave is essential for safeguarding communities.

麻花星空视频-IIT takes pride in the inclusion of this homegrown research in the Journal of Hazardous Materials, contributing to the scientific understanding of urban microplastic pollution and underscoring the urgency of evidence-based policy and the value of Filipino-led research in addressing emerging environmental challenges.

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